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Review Article 


Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Reducing Anxiety in the Postpartum Period

Rika Hairunisyah, Dewi Nopiska Lilis, Yeni Aryani.


Abstract
Maternal anxiety can adversely impact the emotional, psychological, and social development of infants, making it essential to explore strategies for reducing anxiety. This study evaluates the effectiveness of non-pharmacological therapies in alleviating postpartum anxiety. A literature search across PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Medline identified 3,503 articles, of which 12 met the inclusion criteria. Study quality and bias were assessed using CASP and RoB 2 tools. The therapies examined included Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), aromatherapy, massage, and music therapy. CBT was the most frequently studied and effective intervention, appearing in four studies with strong significance in reducing anxiety levels. Four studies focused on non-pharmacological therapies directly administered to postpartum women, demonstrating promising outcomes. However, further analysis is required to assess the impact of social support in alleviating postpartum anxiety. In conclusion, therapies like CBT, aromatherapy, massage, and music have shown effectiveness in reducing postpartum anxiety. Future research should emphasize integrating social support systems to enhance these interventions.

Key words: Anxiety, obstetric, postpartum, non-pharmacological, therapy


 
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Pubmed Style

Hairunisyah R, Lilis DN, Aryani Y. Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Reducing Anxiety in the Postpartum Period. Majmaah J Heal Sci. 2025; 13(2): 162-180. doi:10.5455/mjhs.2025.02.014

Web Style

Hairunisyah R, Lilis DN, Aryani Y. Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Reducing Anxiety in the Postpartum Period. https://www.mjhs-mu.org/?mno=200971 [Access: April 16, 2025]. doi:10.5455/mjhs.2025.02.014

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Hairunisyah R, Lilis DN, Aryani Y. Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Reducing Anxiety in the Postpartum Period. Majmaah J Heal Sci. 2025; 13(2): 162-180. doi:10.5455/mjhs.2025.02.014


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Hairunisyah R, Lilis DN, Aryani Y. Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Reducing Anxiety in the Postpartum Period. Majmaah J Heal Sci. (2025), [cited April 16, 2025]; 13(2): 162-180. doi:10.5455/mjhs.2025.02.014


Harvard Style

Hairunisyah, R., Lilis, . D. N. & Aryani, . Y. (2025) Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Reducing Anxiety in the Postpartum Period. Majmaah J Heal Sci, 13 (2), 162-180. doi:10.5455/mjhs.2025.02.014


Turabian Style

Hairunisyah, Rika, Dewi Nopiska Lilis, and Yeni Aryani. 2025. Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Reducing Anxiety in the Postpartum Period. Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences, 13 (2), 162-180. doi:10.5455/mjhs.2025.02.014


Chicago Style

Hairunisyah, Rika, Dewi Nopiska Lilis, and Yeni Aryani. "Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Reducing Anxiety in the Postpartum Period." Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences 13 (2025), 162-180. doi:10.5455/mjhs.2025.02.014


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Hairunisyah, Rika, Dewi Nopiska Lilis, and Yeni Aryani. "Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Reducing Anxiety in the Postpartum Period." Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences 13.2 (2025), 162-180. Print. doi:10.5455/mjhs.2025.02.014


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Hairunisyah, R., Lilis, . D. N. & Aryani, . Y. (2025) Systematic Review of Non-Pharmacological Therapies for Reducing Anxiety in the Postpartum Period. Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences, 13 (2), 162-180. doi:10.5455/mjhs.2025.02.014




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